Ecological theories of perception hold that we derive information from the environment directly without elaborating on it. We explore and interact with the environment, getting feedback from each action directly to reinforce it or alter our next actions >. In this view of perception, we recognize "affordances" present in the environment. Affordances are the interactions that are possible with objects and events >.

examples of affordance - doorknob & push button

The concept of affordances is the basis for some of the principles for effective icon design, in particular the choice of images, choice of viewpoint for an image, and the relationship of the icon to the rest of the screen display.